The first steam-powered drill was patented by Samuel Miller in 1806. The drill used steam only for raising the drill. Pneumatic drills were developed in response to the needs of mining, quarrying, excavating, and tunneling. A pneumatic drill was proposed by C. Brunton in 1844. In 1846, a percussion drill that could be worked by steam, or atmospheric pressure obtained from a vacuum, was patented in Britain by Thomas Clarke, Mark Freeman, and John Varley. The first American. [pdf]
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